Izingxenye zephaneli ye-Photovoltaic iyisisetshenziswa esiphehla amandla esikhiqiza amandla akhona aqondile lapho sichayeka elangeni, futhi siqukethe amaseli amancane aqinile e-photovoltaic acishe akhiwe ngokuphelele ngezinto ze-semiconductor ezifana ne-silicon.
Njengoba zingekho izingxenye ezihambayo, zingasetshenzwa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokubangela ukuguga. Amaseli we-photovoltaic alula angakwazi ukunika amandla amawashi namakhompyutha, kuyilapho izinhlelo ze-photovoltaic eziyinkimbinkimbi zinganikeza ukukhanya kwezindlu namagridi kagesi. Imihlangano yephaneli ye-Photovoltaic ingenziwa ngezindlela ezihlukene, futhi imihlangano ingaxhunywa ukuze ikhiqize ugesi owengeziwe. Izingxenye zephaneli ye-Photovoltaic zisetshenziswa ophahleni lwendlu nasezindaweni zokwakha, futhi zisetshenziswa njengengxenye yamafasitela, ama-skylights noma amadivaysi e-shading. Lokhu kufakwa kwe-photovoltaic kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi amasistimu we-photovoltaic anamathiselwe esakhiweni.
Amaseli elanga:
Amaseli elanga e-silicon e-Monocrystalline
Ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kwamaseli elanga elanga e-monocrystalline silicon cishe ku-15%, futhi ephakeme kakhulu yi-24%, okuyiyona ndlela ephakeme kakhulu yokuguqulwa kwesithombe sikagesi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamaseli elanga okwamanje, kodwa izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu kangangokuthi azikwazi ukusetshenziswa kabanzi. futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa. Njengoba i-silicon ye-monocrystalline ngokuvamile imbozwa ngengilazi epholile kanye ne-resin engangeni manzi, iqinile futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi impilo yayo yesevisi ngokuvamile ifinyelela eminyakeni engu-15, kuze kufike eminyakeni engu-25.
Amaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yamangqamuzana elanga e-polycrystalline silicon ifana neyamaseli elanga e-monocrystalline silicon, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kwamaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon aphansi kakhulu. amaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon asebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni). Mayelana nezindleko zokukhiqiza, ishibhile kunamaseli elanga e-monocrystalline silicon, impahla ilula ukwenza, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kugcinwa, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphelele ziphansi, ngakho-ke iye yathuthukiswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo yesevisi yamaseli elanga e-polycrystalline silicon nayo imfushane kunaleyo yamaseli elanga elanga e-silicon ye-monocrystalline. Mayelana nokusebenza kwezindleko, amaseli elanga e-silicon e-monocrystalline angcono kancane.
Amaseli elanga e-silicon e-amorphous
I-amorphous silicon solar cell iwuhlobo olusha lwe-film encane ye-solar cell eyavela ngo-1976. Ihluke ngokuphelele endleleni yokukhiqiza ye-silicon ye-monocrystalline kanye ne-polycrystalline silicon solar cell. Inqubo yenziwa lula kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-silicon kuncane kakhulu, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuphansi. Inzuzo ukuthi ingakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi ngisho nasezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya. Kodwa-ke, inkinga eyinhloko yamaseli elanga e-silicon amorphous ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kuphansi, izinga elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe limayelana ne-10%, futhi alizinzile ngokwanele. Ngokunwetshwa kwesikhathi, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwayo kuyehla.
Amaseli elanga anezinhlanganisela eziningi
Amaseli elanga anezinhlanganisela eziningi abhekisela kumaseli elanga angenziwanga ngezinto ezisetshenziswa yi-semiconductor yesici esisodwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zocwaningo emazweni ahlukahlukene, iningi lawo elingakabi nezimboni, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa okulandelayo: a) amaseli elanga e-cadmium sulfide b) amaseli elanga e-gallium arsenide c) amaseli elanga e-copper indium selenide elanga (i-multi-bandgap gradient Cu (Ku, Ga) Se2 ifilimu izacile amaseli solar)
Izici:
Inokusebenza okuphezulu kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric nokuthembeka okuphezulu; ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokusabalalisa buqinisekisa ukufana kokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kuyo yonke i-chip; iqinisekisa ukuqhutshwa kahle kagesi, ukunamathela okuthembekile kanye ne-electrode solderability enhle; I-wire mesh enembayo ephezulu Imifanekiso ephrintiwe kanye nokucaba okuphezulu kwenza ibhethri libe lula ukuyishisela ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nokusikwa kwe-laser.
I-solar cell module
1. Laminate
2. I-aluminium alloy ivikela i-laminate futhi idlala indima ethile ekuvaleni nasekusekeleni
3. Ibhokisi lokuhlangana Livikela lonke uhlelo lokuphehla ugesi futhi lisebenza njengesiteshi sokudlulisa samanje. Uma ingxenye iyisiyingi esifushane, ibhokisi lokuhlangana lizonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo iyunithi yezinhlamvu yebhethri yesiyingi esifushane ukuvimbela lonke uhlelo ukuthi lungashi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ebhokisini lokuhlangana ukukhethwa kwama-diode. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwamaseli kumojula, ama-diode ahambisanayo nawo ahlukile.
4. Umsebenzi wokuvala uphawu we-Silicone, osetshenziselwa ukuvala ukuhlangana phakathi kwengxenye nohlaka lwe-aluminium alloy, ingxenye kanye nebhokisi lokuhlangana. Ezinye izinkampani zisebenzisa i-adhesive tape enezinhlangothi ezimbili kanye negwebu ukuze zithathe indawo yejeli ye-silica. I-Silicone isetshenziswa kabanzi eChina. Inqubo ilula, ilula, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi iyonga. phansi kakhulu.
isakhiwo se-laminate
1. Ingilazi epholile: umsebenzi wayo ukuvikela umzimba oyinhloko wokukhiqiza amandla (njengebhethri), ukukhethwa kokudluliswa kokukhanya kuyadingeka, futhi izinga lokudlulisa ukukhanya kufanele libe phezulu (ngokuvamile libe ngaphezu kwama-91%); Ukwelashwa kwe-ultra-white tempered.
2. I-EVA: Isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa nokulungisa ingilazi epholile kanye nendikimba eyinhloko yokuphehla amandla (njengamabhethri). Ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-EVA zithinta ngqo impilo yemojuli. I-EVA evezwe emoyeni kulula ukuguga futhi iphenduke ibe phuzi, ngaleyo ndlela ithinte ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwemojuli. Ngaphezu kwekhwalithi ye-EVA ngokwayo, inqubo yokufaka i-lamination yabakhiqizi bamamojula nayo inethonya elikhulu. Isibonelo, i-viscosity ye-adhesive ye-EVA ayikho ezingeni, futhi amandla okubopha e-EVA engilazini epholile kanye ne-backplane akwanele, okuzokwenza ukuthi i-EVA ifike ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuguga kuthinta impilo yengxenye.
3. Umkhakha omkhulu wokuphehla ugesi: Umsebenzi omkhulu ukukhiqiza ugesi. Okuhamba phambili emakethe enkulu yokuphehla amandla amaseli elanga e-silicon ecwebezelayo namaseli elanga acwebile efilimu. Kokubili kunezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo. Izindleko ze-chip ziphezulu, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric nakho kuphezulu. Ifaneleka kakhulu kumaseli elanga anefilimu elincane ukuze akhiqize ugesi ekukhanyeni kwelanga kwangaphandle. Izindleko zemishini ehlobene ziphezulu, kodwa ukusetshenziswa nezindleko zebhethri ziphansi kakhulu, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-photoelectric kungaphezu kwengxenye yeseli ye-silicon ye-crystalline. Kodwa umphumela wokukhanya ophansi muhle kakhulu, futhi ungaphinda ukhiqize ugesi ngaphansi kokukhanya okuvamile.
4. Impahla ye-backplane, ukuvala, i-insulating kanye nokungangeni kwamanzi (imvamisa i-TPT, i-TPE, njll.) kumele imelane nokuguga. Iningi labakhiqizi bezingxenye banewaranti yeminyaka engama-25. Ingilazi efudumele ne-aluminium alloy ngokuvamile kulungile. Ukhiye ungemuva. Ukuthi ibhodi nejeli ye-silica zingahlangabezana yini nezidingo. Hlela izidingo eziyisisekelo zalesi sigaba 1. Inganikeza amandla anele emishini, ukuze imojuli yeseli yelanga ikwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okubangelwa umthelela, ukudlidliza, njll. ngesikhathi sokuthutha, ukufakwa nokusebenzisa, futhi ingakwazi ukumelana namandla okuchofoza kwesichotho. ; 2. Inokuhle 3. Inokusebenza kahle kokufakwa kukagesi; 4. Inamandla okulwa ne-ultraviolet; 5. I-voltage yokusebenza namandla okukhiphayo aklanywe ngokwezidingo ezahlukene. Nikeza izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokufaka izintambo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezahlukene ze-voltage, zamanje kanye namandla okukhipha amandla;
5. Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle okubangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kwamaseli elanga ochungechungeni nokuhambisana kuncane;
6. Ukuxhumana kwamaseli elanga kunokwethenjelwa;
7. Impilo ende yokusebenza, edinga ukuthi amamojula amaseli elanga asetshenziswe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo;
8. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezibalulwe ngenhla, izindleko zokupakisha kufanele zibe phansi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukubalwa kwamandla:
Uhlelo lokukhiqiza amandla elanga le-AC lwakhiwe ngamaphaneli elanga, izilawuli zokushaja, ama-inverter namabhethri; uhlelo lokuphehla amandla elanga le-DC alufaki i-inverter. Ukuze unike amandla uhlelo lokuphehla amandla elanga ukuze lunikeze amandla anele omthwalo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngokunengqondo ingxenye ngayinye ngokwamandla omshini kagesi. Thatha amandla okukhipha angu-100W futhi uwasebenzise amahora angu-6 ngosuku njengesibonelo ukwethula indlela yokubala:
1. Okokuqala bala amahora we-watt asetshenziswa ngosuku (okuhlanganisa nokulahlekelwa kwe-inverter):
Uma ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwe-inverter kungu-90%, lapho amandla okukhiphayo engu-100W, amandla okukhiphayo adingekayo kufanele abe ngu-100W/90%=111W; uma isetshenziswa amahora angu-5 ngosuku, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kungu-111W*5 amahora = 555Wh.
2. Bala iphaneli yelanga:
Ngokwesikhathi sokukhanya kwelanga esisebenzayo nsuku zonke samahora angu-6, futhi kucatshangelwa ukusebenza kahle kokushaja nokulahlekelwa phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, amandla okukhiphayo wephaneli yelanga kufanele abe ngu-555Wh/6h/70%=130W. Phakathi kwazo, i-70% ingamandla wangempela asetshenziswa iphaneli yelanga ngesikhathi sokushaja.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-09-2022
